Health Risks Associated with Technology Essay

The across the board utilization of innovation has prompted some significant use wellbeing concerns. A portion of the move basic physical wellbeing dangers are redundant strain wounds, PC vision condition, and solid torment. These wounds are on the ascent for clients of innovation. A tedious strain injury (RSI) is a physical issue or turmoil of the muscles, nerves, ligaments, tendons, and joints. Innovation related RSIs incorporate tendonitis and carpal passage disorder (CTS). Tendonitis is irritation of a ligament because of rehashed movement or weight on that ligament. CTS is aggravation of the nerve that interfaces the lower arm to the palm. Rehashed or commanding twisting of the wrist can cause tendonitis or CTS of the wrist. Factor that cause these scatters incorporate delayed composing or mouse use and persistent moving between a mouse and console (Jones 45-48). In the event that untreated, these scatters can prompt lasting physical harm. PC vision disorder (CVS) influences vision. Side effects of CVS are sore, worn out, consuming, tingling, or dry eyes; obscured or twofold vision; separation obscured vision after delayed gazing at a presentation gadget; migraine or sore neck; trouble moving concentration between a showcase gadget and archives; trouble concentrating on a screen picture; shading edges or afterimages when turning away from a showcase gadget; and expanded affectability to light. Eye fatigue related with CVS isn't thought to have genuine or long haul results (Anderson and Dean) Individuals who spend their workday utilizing the PC here and there gripe of lower back torment, muscle exhaustion, and passionate weariness. Lower back torment now and again is cause from poor stance. It is prudent to sit appropriately in a seat while working and take intermittent breaks. Clients additionally ought to be certain their working environment is plan ergonomically. Ergonomic investigations have indicated that utilizing the right sort and arrangement of seat, console, show gadget, and work surface assist clients with working serenely and productively and helpsâ protect their wellbeing (Sanchez). Numerous physical wellbeing dangers are related with utilizing innovation. These dangers incorporate tedious strain wounds, PC vision condition, and solid agony. Client should take whatever number preventive measures as could be expected under the circumstances to maintain a strategic distance from these dangers. Works Cited Anderson, Cricket Finley and Stacey Anne Dean. â€Å"Computer pains.† The Medical Update Aug. 2014:n. page. Web. 2 October 2014. Jones, Jacob Lee. Clinical worries of the 21st Century. Chicago: Smiley Incorporated, 2014. Print. Sanchez, Jorge Mario. A throbbing painfulness. 30 Sept. 2014. Course Technology. Web. 5 Aug. 2014.

The title of the book I read was 1491 free essay sample

New Revelations of the Americas Before Columbus. It was composed by Charles C. Mann. Different books by this writer incorporate Noahs Choice: The Future of Endangered Species and The Second Creation: Makers of the Revolution in Twentieth-Century Physics. 1491 is based around Native Americans and how they truly lived before European pilgrims went to the Americas. This is an exceptionally fascinating, just as amazingly enlightening book that gives fair and very much idea out data about on the people groups about which that the writer composes. about. I for one saw this book as a generally excellent read. Charles Mann is a fabulous author, and he makes everything about this book intriguing. He realizes how to put things with the goal that he truly catches the perusers eye and keeps you intrigued to find out additional. He is spellbinding and words things in a manner that is justifiable for me, the peruser. He likewise has an extremely broad jargon, which makes the perusing much all the more intriguing. We will compose a custom paper test on The title of the book I read was 1491 or on the other hand any comparable subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Mann likewise utilizes huge amounts of data that he has assembled. He makes awesome focuses to his themes, also, and he makes these focuses extremely clear. Along these lines, I didn't discover whatever I truly couldn't help contradicting him on. The book generally discusses how much bogus data is broadly had faith on the planet today about early Americans before Columbus and the Europeans settled in the New World. Numerous researchers in the past have made bogus suspicions on about the Native Americans in light of their own ethnocentric conclusions. For instance, today the vast majority see the early Americans as being very nature-situated, however not exceptionally canny individuals who live in little, disconnected clans dispersed the nation over, who additionally did nothing to change their condition. Be that as it may, these suppositions are false. The Indians really hugy affected their property, generally to improve things. They cleared land to plant more nut and natural product trees, they developed huge amounts of yields, they even made maize. One gathering specifically, the Beni, was excellent in the region of purposing land for their its advantage. They assembled colossal hills in a region that was continually being overwhelmed. Thusly, this permitted them to develop harvests and trees on the hills. They even made snares underneath the hills to trap fish when the zone flooded. In general, I saw the book as entirely paramount. I truly appreciated perusing this book and I will recall a great deal of the data that it has shown me for quite a while. I cannot consider whatever I can't help contradicting the creator on, since Charles Mann makes excellent focuses, and he is amazingly persuading. I believe that the data given in 1491: New Revelations of the Americas Before Columbus will open the eyes of numerous individuals and show many individuals more the historical backdrop of the Native Americans. This is an awesome and instructive book that gives unprejudiced and reliable data about the early Americans when Europeans settled in the Americas.

Online Apa Essay Writing Services and Their Benefits

Online Apa Essay Writing Services and Their BenefitsOnline APA essay writing services have an advantage over traditional options such as Teach for America and similar projects. The most obvious difference is that these programs don't ask students to live in the community where they are working. In essence, it is a far more beneficial way of doing things and it's true for both TFA and APA.This being said, there is still a good thing that these programs can do for you and your college. You might be surprised to know that many students were also employed by Teach for America or similar programs. Because of this, many of these programs continue to bring in candidates every year. As a result, these types of programs are growing by leaps and bounds and they're helping to improve college admissions for both TFA and APA.Because of this, online essay writing services are able to utilize the experiences of those who have worked with TFA and APA. This experience can be invaluable to both of the se organizations and they're able to use them to their benefit. This isn't to say that the online writers will get any perks or awards, but it is to say that you'll be able to work with professionals who are working in a very competitive industry.There is a bit of skill required from people working in this field and it is important that people take the time to learn about how people really go about things. This skill set is one that is quite hard to find in other careers, but it is something that is easier to learn than you might think. The best advice that I can give you when it comes to this area is to do research and find someone who has some experience in it.After doing your research, go to your university's website and find out what your requirements are for getting started. Generally, you will have to first get a recommendation letter and have a student interview in order to get a job. You may be surprised at just how many of these letters are out there and it may take you a w hile to get one.At this point, the person's letter will go on to make up your application and that will have to be reviewed by your college. This is a very important step and you should never assume anything. It's really important that you focus on the process and not on the outcome. Once the process has been followed, you will then be ready to submit your application.Just because online essay writing services are doing all of the work for you doesn't mean that you can be happy and relaxed. Your job can be hard, but that's why you have to be willing to take the time to make sure that it's done right. Even if you know what's coming, you should still be prepared for anything that comes along.If you've been accepted to a college or university, this is going to be a great place to start. If you haven't been accepted yet, it's worth taking the time to do some homework before you make the final decision. It can help you get a better understanding of the process and also get better prepare d. Because of this, you will be able to ensure that you are both successful and happy in whatever decision you make.

American Sign Language And Numerical Stories - 1118 Words

A-Z stories in American Sign Language and numerical stories as well were introduced around the 1940’s (Bauman). Gilbert Eastman stated that A-Z and numerical stories were most likely created as early as the 1900’s at the Ohio School for the Deaf (Bauman). However, with the advanced technology of the 20th century American Sign Language numerical and A-Z stories may be cherished and videorecorded for future generations (American Sign Language Literature). What are A-Z and numerical stories? A-Z stories are stories created in American Sign Language that begin with the letter A and continue in succession throughout the alphabet to Z. Numerical stories are similar in that it begins with 1 and continues in some sort of numerical sequence.†¦show more content†¦Although, there rules that apply to both forms of storytelling. The first rule is that the story incorporates paralinguistic mechanisms such as pausing, space, etc. (Bauman). The second rule is that the story fl ows naturally, and clearly makes sense. It is not allowed that a storyteller has a story that is choppy or jumpy to the point that the viewer does not understand. One of the most important rules is that the storyteller succeeds in continuing the story in alphabetical, or numerical, order. Similarly, if one tells the story in the reverse order, one cannot skip a letter, or number (Bauman). Lastly, for alphabetical stories there are allowable deviations and those that are not allowed. For example, many storytellers interchange â€Å"2† hand shapes such as â€Å"N,† â€Å"H,† â€Å"U,† and â€Å"V.† This deviation, along with the interchange of the â€Å"3† hand shapes â€Å"M† and â€Å"W,† are allowable deviations (Bauman). However, the usage of the â€Å"time out† sign as â€Å"T† in A-Z stories is an example of a deviation that is not allowed (Bauman). These vital rules to alphabetical and numerical storytelling aid in contributing to the overall purpose. A-Z and numerical stories have multiple purposes, however, the main purpose is that of a source of entertainment (American Sign Language Literature). Similar to our American Sign Language class, classes throughout the world are assigned to create or research A-Z and numerical stories for school assignments. Although, they are enjoyable and a

Improving Competitive Foods Schools For Creating A Healthy...

Improving Competitive Foods in Schools to create a healthy school environment To: School Districts and School Administrators Seeing Spots: Addressing Competitive Foods Competitive foods are foods that are available in schools to purchase through venues such as a la carte lines, vending machines, snack bars, school stores and other fundraises.1 It has been estimated that nearly 30-50% of all school students consume their total calories at school.2 School lunch and breakfast programs meet the requirements for the federal nutrition standards and U.S. department of Agriculture’s Dietary Guidelines for American. However, foods that are available through competitive venues do not meet these requirements.3 National data shows that foods and snacks that are sold outside the school meal programs are high in fats, calories, sugar, salts and provide low nutritional value. In addition, many sugar sweetened beverages, sports drinks, high fat milks and high calorie fruit drink are sold at schools.4 Available foods and beverages at schools have an influence on children’s weight, and in fact health problems can arise if the available foods and bevera ges are not healthy choices. Scope of the Problem In the Unites States, more than 23 million children and adults are obese and overweight.5 Several studies have linked the rise in weight and obesity with consumption of excess calories from competitive foods.6 A Study conducted by Rampersaud et al.( 2005) suggested that competitive foods areShow MoreRelatedThe On The Healthy Hunger Free Kids Act1554 Words   |  7 Pageschildhood obesity as well as alternative policy. Reinforcing NSLP in every school in our nation to adhere to dietary guidelines set forth by USDA. In addition, focusing on education and raising awareness among children and their parents even if our nation is on financial crisis especially budgetary and spending issues. Improving child nutrition is everyone responsibility including our late president, Obama. President Obama signed Healthy Hungry-Free Kids Act in 2010. This Act along with U.S. AgricultureRead MoreKfc And Mcdonalds Case Study1406 Words   |  6 PagesTask: 1. My two chosen Fast Food Companies that will be researched is: -Macdonald’s AND -KFC 2. Background: MacDonald’s: â€Å"It all began in the United States of America in 1955, in a small butcher shop in Maywood, Illinois. There, their founder, Ray Kroc, sealed the deal with McDonald’s first beef supplier with a handshake and received his first burger patties on credit. Since then, McDonald’s has opened restaurants all over the world, never forgetting their commitment to Quality,Read MoreSchools Must Combat Obesity with Proper Nutrition Essay examples1856 Words   |  8 Pagestime they were in elementary school, students have heard about the importance of nutrition. Although they have been taught the value of a balanced, healthy diet, students continue to ignore the recommendations given to them and even complain about the steps that the school administration takes to improve the nutritional quality of the foods within the cafeteria. While the students may not realize it, obesity in children and teenagers has been steadily increasing, and schools nationwide are taking actionRead Mor eExploring The Aspects Of Development That Are My Priorities For Following School Year?2082 Words   |  9 Pagessuch as Piaget and Vygotsky. This essay will be exploring the aspects of development that are my priorities for Adelina for the following school year, what could be done to support Adelina’ development in these aspects of development and what the school could do to support Adelina and myself. 1.What aspects of development are the priorities for following school year? Adelina consistently contributes to cooperative group activities and respects the rights and possessions of others, has consistentlyRead MoreSUBWAY Marketing Plan5476 Words   |  22 Pagesï » ¿ Table of Contents 1.0 Executive Summary†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦2 1.1 Introduction†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..2 2.0 Situation Analysis†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...3 2.1 Competitive Analysis†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...3 2.2 SWOT Analysis†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦4-6 2.3 P.E.S.T. Analysis†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦7. 2.4 Five Forces Analysis †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..8 3.0 Marketing Strategy†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦9. 3.1 Mission†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..10. 3.2 Core Values and Philosophy†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..10 3.3 MarketingRead MoreC Leveled : Stakeholder Matching Application Essay1603 Words   |  7 Pagesand its relevant environment in a tangible, worthwhile, and measurable way. In this paper, we will discuss C-Leveled, an organization that advises startups and new businesses in the Pittsburgh area that are interested in making an impact while creating a sustainable business model. By applying the principles of stakeholder matching, we will make a business case for various stakeholders to support C-Leveled’s efforts to generate business opportunities while addressing local food sustainability. SpecificallyRead MoreObesity : Declining Human Heath1873 Words   |  8 PagesObesity: Declining human Heath Abstract In our modern world with increasingly cheap, high calorie food prepared foods that are high in things like salt, sugars or fat, combined with our increasingly sedentary lifestyles, increasing urbanization and changing modes of transportation, it is no wonder that obesity has rapidly increased in the last few decades, around the world. Introduction Obesity is a global public health problem that has become an epidemic killing 17 million people each year worldwideRead MoreCase Study on Unilever’s Path to Growth Strategy: Is It Working?2447 Words   |  10 Pageseveryone they work with, the communities they touch, and the environment on which they have an impact. This is their road to sustainable, profitable growth, creating long-term value for their shareholders, their people, and their business partners. B. Corporate Governance: The corporate person were- †¢ Niall FitzGerald, he was the Co-Chairman †¢ Antony Burgmants was another Co-Chairman of Unilever; he was in charge of food. C. Top Management: Read MoreCase Study on Unilever’s Path to Growth Strategy: Is It Working?2462 Words   |  10 Pageseveryone they work with, the communities they touch, and the environment on which they have an impact. This is their road to sustainable, profitable growth, creating long-term value for their shareholders, their people, and their business partners. B. Corporate Governance: The corporate person were- †¢ Niall FitzGerald, he was the Co-Chairman †¢ Antony Burgmants was another Co-Chairman of Unilever; he was in charge of food. C. Top Management: TheRead MoreObesity : Declining Human Heath2562 Words   |  11 Pageslack of access to healthy foods and the genetic modification of food increases the chances and risks of becoming obese. Major dietary changes in this system include a higher energy density diet with greater roles for high-calorie artificial substances that are sold to the public. Food advertising ads are major marketing tools that are prevalent around the world, increasing the availability of ready-made, non-time consuming, high energy food. Our environment does not support healthy lifestyle habits

Personally Identifiable Information Essay - 913 Words

Information gathering, through networking, social media, and both on and offline storage have made it easier to collect information about an individual than ever before, with many concerns having arisen over the years about privacy and the ability to protect that privacy. As debates over personally identifiable information continue, one cornerstone remains a constant, ethics. Ethics are defined as â€Å"the standard by which human actions can be judged right and wrong (Online, 2012)†, but even that can be debated when discussed within the realm of information technology. Have you ever been to an internet shopping site and â€Å"trusted† the secure connection? Essentially, you are entrusting an inanimate system developed by an individual or group†¦show more content†¦The first questions to ask when it comes to e-mail and websites at work is, â€Å"Am I being watched?† The answer is most likely yes. Employers have begun to watch their employeeâ€℠¢s activities with greater detail over the years. In 2001, CNN.com posted an article titled, Is your PC watching you? Find out!, which looked into this further. In this article â€Å"A study by the Privacy Foundation claims employers are monitoring the Internet and e-mail use of 14 million employees. (Articles.CNN, 2001)† While it can be assumed that number has grown over the last decade, it can also be said with certainty that measures have been put in place to ensure information transmitted via business internet connections have increased. The U.S. government, for example, has set up content filters and points of encryption to safeguard against system penetrations and intrusions. Although these measures are not practical for home use, limiting the information you supply to through the internet will help. One topic of contention that does not seem to have a resolution, however, is the subject of electronic medical records. The utilization of electronic medical records has been highly ethically debated. According the Journal of Information Systems Education, â€Å"Building knowledge and skills in biometrics creates a mutual understanding between IS professionals and health practitioners. (Cellucci, 2011)† Although the thought process is sound, theShow MoreRelatedThe Impact Of Personally Identifiable Information1649 Words   |  7 Pagesconcerned with how their Personally Identifiable Information (PII) is being used online. PII, as described in US privacy law and information security, is information that can be used on its own or with other information to identify, contact, or locate a single person, or to identify an individual in context. Please read our privacy policy carefully to get a clear understanding of how we collect, use, protect or otherwise handle your Personally Identifiable Information in accordance with our websiteRead MorePersonally Identifiable Information Essay1071 Words   |  5 PagesUNDERSTANDING OUR RESPONSIBILITY REGARDING PERSONALLY IDENTIFIABLE INFORMATION IFSM 201 JULY 22, 2012 Abstract Anyone who uses computer technology today accepts the fact that their Personally Identifiable Information (PII) may or could be transmitted, collected, and used to benefit the one who receives that information. It is our responsibility to know what PII transmissions are being made available for public use over the web. Understanding all the aspects of PII and the approaches that areRead MorePersonally Identifiable Information Essay1216 Words   |  5 Pages(collectively, Services) (Authorized Customers). Personally Identifiable Information refers to any information that identifies or can be used to identify, contact, or locate the person to whom such information pertains, including, but not limited to, name, address, phone number, fax number, email address, financial profiles, social security number, and credit card information. Personally Identifiable Information does not include information that is collected anonymously (that is, without identificationRead MorePersonally Identifiable Information (Pii) and Ethics: Use of Cookies687 Words   |  3 PagesPersonally Identifiable Information (PII) and Ethics: Use of Cookies Cookie Trails In today’s era of technology, many people are concerned about internet privacy. Most concerns are usually sparked by misinformation. One piece of technology that is most misunderstood is the cookie and its uses. Many people believe that cookies are programs that can transfer viruses onto their computers. This is absolutely false. Cookies are typically harmless. Cookies are little text files left on yourRead MoreData Breaches Case Study704 Words   |  3 Pagesinitially announced that hackers had gained access through a third-party HVAC vendor to its point-of-sale (POS) payment card readers, and had collected about 40 million credit and debit card numbers. In January 2014the company reported that personally identifiable information (PII) of 70 million of its customers had been compromised. That included full names, addresses, email addresses and telephone numbers. The final estimate is that the breach affected as many as 110 million customers. The company recentlyRead MoreAnnotated Bibliography On The Security1950 Words   |  8 Pagesproduce the same output at the tempo of their active duty counterparts. The stressors placed on both the commissioned officers, to include warrant officer s and their noncommissioned officers creates the perfect environment for the mishandling of information. The lack of computer resources compounds the issues associated with the daily leadership requirements primarily due to the inability to provide resources to every leader. Moreover, these issues lead leaders to being to complete work from personalRead MorePrivacy Of Your Personal Information741 Words   |  3 Pagesabout the privacy of your personal information and your privacy is important to us. We hope that reading our Privacy Policy will help you visualize and understand that how do we manage your information when you visit our website. At â€Å"The Technology Times† we values the privacy of our users/visitors and takes every actionable step to safeguard the information we collect. The following is the detailed information and explanation on what type of personal information we receive when you visit www.techinismRead MorePrivacy Policy : An Internet Property Of Educhinalink Co.1345 Words   |  6 Pageslearn about our information collection and sharing practices. SICAS put the security of our users personally identifiable information high on our priority list. This Privacy Policy applies to personally identifiable information collected by Qingdao EduChinaLink Co., Ltd on its Web site at www.sicas.cn. We also outsource information to colleges, universities, nonprofits, and other organizations (hereinafter in this policy as our clients). When our clients collect information about you throughRead MoreThe Right To Confidentiality Is Guaranteed Partly By The1105 Words   |  5 Pagesconduct workers and their employers should meet with regards the handling of information. There is also Caldecott stand which govern the sharing of information based on the Data Protection Act. 2. Summarise the main points of legal requirements and codes of practice for handling information in health and social care. DATA PROTECTION ACT 1998 The data protection act sets out 8 principles governing the use of personal information – Fairly and lawfully Obtained only for one or more specified and lawfulRead MoreA Privacy Policy With Explanations1473 Words   |  6 Pagesfabric store in Edwards, Colorado. The website at www.VailTrappingsco.com educates visitors about their services and collects contact information for scheduling free estimates. A privacy policy on the Vail Trappings website serves three purposes: building trust with visitors, complying with applicable laws and minimizing liability. It tells visitors about what information Vail Trappings gathers from them and when, how they protect it, what cookies are used and how, third- party considerations, what

Argumentive Essay free essay sample

I believe that a child should complete a parent’s life. On the other hand I don’t believe that it is biblically right for homosexual couples to be able to adopt a child and raise that child. In the bible God created man and woman for a purpose. This purpose was to be able to reproduce the population and for one man to be in love and with one woman. I do not believe that in a homosexuality house hold that a child would be raised properly and normally like most children are able to be raised. I feel putting children in that environment is suggesting that homosexuality is okay and it truly isn’t when in terms of the bible. This sin was so important to God that he directly approached the subject in the bible saying it is a sin and that a man should be with a woman and a woman should be with a man. We will write a custom essay sample on Argumentive Essay or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Being a huge supporter of the Christian faith because I am apart of that faith, I believe that being a homosexual is dishonorable and truly upsets God. On the other hand I am aware that not every heterosexual home in the world is a stable and a suitable home to raise a child in. In many homes in this world there are children that are beaten, raped, hungry, and also very poorly supported. In those terms and in those cases I do believe that it may be acceptable for a child that are in those conditions to be placed in a home where they will be loved and supported and be loved. I do also agree that a homosexual couple is very capable of loving and providing and taking care of a child. If the child is being beaten and unloved and raped and other extreme conditions I would be supportive and feel that it was okay for a child to be adopted into a homosexual home. I also feel that it is hard for the children that are being adopted to be able to accept what is going on and being able to know what is natural and taboo. Same-sex couples raising children must stand ready to prove to the world they are a family, just one that happens to have two mothers or two fathers. For example I would like to share this one homosexual couple’s tory. This constant burden of proof is especially difficult for families like the Muzingos, who live in a state that doesn’t allow them to establish legal ties to each other. Michelle Muzingo was in the delivery room when her wife, Katrina, gave birth to each of their three children, who are now 7, 4 and 1. She cut their umbilical cords and was the first to hold the children, who call her â€Å"mommy. † Yet because they live in Ohio, a state that does not allow gay couples to adopt, she is unable to make that title official. We are always scanning the circle around us to see what we need to put in place to protect ourselves,† said Katrina, 37. A report released earlier this week illustrates just how vulnerable these couples and their children are, both legally and financially. After all, 30 states do not have laws that allow same-sex parents to either adopt, while six states restrict them or impose outright bans. Even families who live in states that recognize their relationships can run into trouble if they travel or move. And if something were to happen to a parent who was unable to adopt or otherwise establish legal ties, the child might be denied certain federal benefits something that children of most heterosexual parents receive automatically. When having a child normally, with one man getting one woman that is married pregnant, it can be an extremely rocky road. Also I believe that not every home is perfect and there are many problems within each family. But I just think that too many complications can come from homosexual couples adopting a child.

Swot Analysis And General Report On The New Jica Organisation Essay Example For Students

Swot Analysis And General Report On The New Jica Organisation Essay In this study more analysis about facets of New JICA administration has been clearly and in deep explored. The debut portion has covered about the Aim of this instance survey, the Background of JICA administration covering its development get downing where the administration was foremost found. The usage of SWOT analysis as a tool of measuring the public presentation of the administration has been in big covered where besides the recommendations have been pointed out to get by with the administration ‘s internal failing and its external menaces Besides this study has covered the country of the administration construction, importance of administration construction, advantages and disadvantages of each type of construction and the administration construction used by the New JICA. We will write a custom essay on Swot Analysis And General Report On The New Jica Organisation specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Besides this study has explained the construct of direction alteration, the significance of alteration, rule of alteration, how to impact the direction of alteration in the administration. The last portion cover the decision and recommendation of instance survey. Chapter ONE 1.0 Introduction 1.1 THE AIM OF THE REPORT The purpose of this study is to find whether the aims of NEW JICA have been archived peculiarly in Tanzania. The action programs for Tanzania development every bit good the precise apprehension of the development demands of Tanzania through supervising of state office and the close support of JICA Regional Strategy unit for Africa ( RSA ) . The â€Å" Creation and publicity of sustained and stable growing of economic system and poorness decrease by support of development policy ( MKUKUTA that means The national scheme for growing and decrease of poorness 2005-2010 ) .New JICA aid Tanzania to advance productiveness and fight by back uping the development of agribusiness and substructure, good administration through fiscal direction systems and public administrative development. Besides JICA uses different assistance modes like loan, grants, proficient cooperation such as preparation and despatch of voluntaries to different country of field in order to file away its targeted aims JICA will hike the impact in the undermentioned attack. A more planned construction focal point on norm to long term development end More expected assistance working turn overing programs of campaigner undertakings for single development states Speeder undertaking preparation through preliminary study Aid tailored to existent demands synergism of assistance strategies 1.2 COMPANY BACKGROUND Japan International Cooperation Agency ( JICA ) is an administration which was established since August 1974 and undergoes some organizational reforms which lead to formation of Independence administrative Institution from the particular public establishment. All these was possible after the transition of the jurisprudence for partial amendment ( November 2006 ) from the Japan International Cooperation Agency jurisprudence. This influences the 1000s of ( Nipponese Overseas Cooperation Volunteers ) JOCV to volunteer in different activities around the universe. 1.3 JICA RESEARCH INSTITUTE JICA established the JICA Research Institute ( JICA-RI ) to better research map on development by pulling on its abundant field experience and to lend to research findings and taking audience on planetary development support. 1.4 NEW JICA Was officially launched on October 1, 2008 with combination/ integrating between the bing Nipponese International cooperation Agency and the abroad economic cooperation subdivision of the Bank for the cooperation ( JBIC ) The figure below illustrate the combination of different administration hence the preparation of NEW JICA Figure 1 1.5 JICA TANZANIA In Tanzani JICA was established since 1980 with basic aim of cooperation in assorted facets that aimed into back uping the self enterprises of Tanzania citizens in file awaying their societal and economic development vision 2020 and 2025 every bit good the Tanzania growing scheme and poorness decrease ( MKUKUTA-The national scheme for growing and decrease of poorness 2005-2010 ) JICA concentrated on â€Å" field orientated direction, human security and effectivity, efficiency and velocity as the mark of the organizational alteration. JICA besides has abroad offices in Africa, Asia, Latin America, Oceania, Middle East, and Europe. These abroad offices has facilitated smooth operation, therefore the authorization for determination devising have been moved to these offices with an purpose to guarantee the flexible response to the widely varied demands of developing states. Harmonizing to article of 30 old ages of JICA Tanzania office ( 1980-2010 ) there is some undertaking which was implemented as shown below Figure 2 Figure 3 The Africa office is located in Nairobi Kenya which was established since October 2009 and go the Regional scheme unit for Africa ( RSA ) with purpose to smoothen JICA operation in the part every bit good to guarantee the flexible response to the widely varied demands of developing states. This office has been given the authorization in order to beef up activities in undertaking preparation, monitoring and rating every bit good the assistance scheme in bomber Sahara office. 1.6 JICA OPERATING Scheme To set about the commixture of direction modes of backup, that is Technical cooperation ODA loan Grant assistance Such elements will supply inclusive support such as policy and institutional betterments, betterment of substructure, human resource development and capacity edifice Encouraging development association through exactly hold oning of demanding demands of developing states that spotlight on the field and advancing their ain ego aid attempt quickly and through a focal point on consequences. JICA has besides promoted the joint venture between public and private sectors so that they can lend to the experience, engineerings, resource of local authorities, non authorities administration and other histrions. Enhancing research and cognition splintering in through the usage of JICA Research Institute, NEW JICA will utilize the apprehension acquired in the field of work, constructing extended webs of academic from Japan and elsewhere around the universe. besides to take portion in a prima function in steering the most recent development tendencies, better research and cognition sharing capacities Vision â€Å" Inclusive development † represents an attack to development that stimulate single to be witting of the development affair they themselves face, take part in turn toing them, and addition from the fruits of such activities. The function of JICA is to offer the successfully endorsing on this procedure. â€Å" Dynamic development † refers to the organisation of ego reenforcing virtuous rhythm of mid to long term economic growing and poorness cutback in invariably switching environment of developing states where different issues go on at the same time and acquire embroiled each other. New JICA will offer originative, extremely successful support in the way of file awaying the aim Mission Addressing the planetary Agenda. The promotion of globalization brings positive effects, rushing up economic development and supplying single with new chances. Besides it has the negative side such as the issue of clime alteration, infective diseases, terrorist act and the rise of economic crises. New JICA will do full usage of experience and engineerings as it concert with international society to cover with the different globalization interconnected issues that the development states are confronting in comprehensive mode. Decrease of poorness through just growing JICA will assist to shrivel the poorness to the society through advancing employment chances, supplying instruction wellness attention to the society while JICA supply support for proviso of societal and economic substructure, capacity edifice, and flawlessness of policy as good the support in footings of human resource betterment. Bettering administration JICA play a really of import function to the stable economic development of developing states. However the undeveloped legal and juridical system and administrative variety meats symbolize obstructions to attempts and lessening poorness through economic growing. Archiving human security The promotion of globalization imposes many people in dangers like civil problem, catastrophes, poorness and other menaces. Human security helps to construct abilities to protect themselves against an mixture of menaces. New JICA present support long pillows societal and institutional ability to cover with menaces themselves. Bellow figure illustrate the vision, mission and scheme of New JICA Figure 4 SWOT ANALYISIS FOR NEW JICA STRENTH: Efficient and crystalline procedure- JICA overseeing and measure operations professionally and transparently and remain changeless committed to regenerating and streamlining administration by keeping high degree of answerability. Undertaking complex, hard issues flexibly with the field based approach- JICA accurately grasp the development needs on the land and design activities with their focal point on the field, they deal flexibly with complex, hard and knotted development issues Fostering expertness for supplying professional solution – JICA specialised in international cooperation, they perform international competitory work and utilizing expertness and cognition sharing capablenesss to rapidly and accurately address broad scope of development issues. Archiving synergisms of the merger- by smoothly uniting diverse and modes, we make usage of our synergisms by rushing up the old procedure, scaling them out in other parts communities. Failing Poor planning- which caused by unchanged assistance policy every bit good the biasness Lack of human security against menaces like civil war, terrorist act Lack of sustainable development due to escalation of struggle in assorted portion of Africa and Asia like Somalia, Darfur, Afghanistan Lack of integrated support substructure and human capacity development Opportunity ODA offer loan aid to developing states beyond a certain income by supplying low involvement long term and concessional fund JICA provide Grant Aid for counties which have low income degrees without the demand of refund ; grant can be used for retrieving indispensable substructure such as schools, H2O supply, infirmary, roads installations, wellness and medical attention. Dispatch of expertness and provisional of compulsory equipments and counsel JICA despatch voluntaries from ( JOCV ) grip undertaking via the JICA finance and betterment of instruction. JICA work together with NGO ‘S, local authorities, universities, and other interest holders .udf0ce16079eac41cbf60c3ad763aa1cd , .udf0ce16079eac41cbf60c3ad763aa1cd .postImageUrl , .udf0ce16079eac41cbf60c3ad763aa1cd .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .udf0ce16079eac41cbf60c3ad763aa1cd , .udf0ce16079eac41cbf60c3ad763aa1cd:hover , .udf0ce16079eac41cbf60c3ad763aa1cd:visited , .udf0ce16079eac41cbf60c3ad763aa1cd:active { border:0!important; } .udf0ce16079eac41cbf60c3ad763aa1cd .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .udf0ce16079eac41cbf60c3ad763aa1cd { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .udf0ce16079eac41cbf60c3ad763aa1cd:active , .udf0ce16079eac41cbf60c3ad763aa1cd:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .udf0ce16079eac41cbf60c3ad763aa1cd .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .udf0ce16079eac41cbf60c3ad763aa1cd .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .udf0ce16079eac41cbf60c3ad763aa1cd .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .udf0ce16079eac41cbf60c3ad763aa1cd .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .udf0ce16079eac41cbf60c3ad763aa1cd:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .udf0ce16079eac41cbf60c3ad763aa1cd .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .udf0ce16079eac41cbf60c3ad763aa1cd .udf0ce16079eac41cbf60c3ad763aa1cd-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .udf0ce16079eac41cbf60c3ad763aa1cd:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Sir Gawain And The Green Knight EssayJICA in instance of the occurrence of a big graduated table calamity, JICA dispatches Nipponese calamity alleviation squad in reaction from the authorities affected. illustration deliverance of lost people, support and medical direction Menace Worsening of foreign support which has been diminishing by 40 % in last few old ages. This give difficult planetary state of affairs including the Japan itself and it has become hard to turn round the tendency in simply fiscal footings. Constantly the aid from ODA ( Office Development Assistance ) continues to travel down. In coming decennary Africa will be one of the most affected parts by clime alteration. This is due to extended spread of poorness, drouth, imbalanced land allotment Some counties in Africa are likely to confront terrible H2O scarceness in the following three decennary. Misuse of fund and corruptness on fund allocated for undertakings. Chapter TWO 2.0 ORGANISATION STRUCTURE Harmonizing to Mullins ( 2005: 596 ) defined the administration construction as the form of relationships among places in the administration and among members of administration. Structure makes possible the application of the procedure of human direction and creates model of order and bid through which the activities of administration can be planned, organised, directed and controlled. The construction defines undertakings and duties, work functions and relationships, and channel of communicating. With the addition size of administration, there is greater demand for carefully designed and purposeful signifier of administration, besides continual reappraisal of construction to guarantee that it is the most appropriate signifier for the peculiar administration and in maintaining with its growing and development. 2.2 TYPES OF ORGANISATION STRUCTURE Harmonizing to Fontaine ( 2007 ) argued that Organisation construction is important constituent of the overall concern scheme, merely every bit of import as planning, taking and commanding an administration. Administration construction is the frame work for replying the undermentioned inquiries ; how do we organize occupations into section? â€Å" Who does what † and â€Å" who report to whom † in the concatenation of bid. Some administration see their administration chart as confidential, while other administration do non and make bold to post their administration chart on the populace accessible web site. The most common administration constructions are as follows: Functional construction Divisional construction Matrix construction Horizontal linked construction 2.3 Functional Structure: Is the manner administrations support themselves into a scope of section illustration productions, gross revenues, research and development and accounting section. Advantages of functional administration construction It digest the determination devising and give direction control in the disposal promote single profession way through presuming determination devising Functional construction inspire stableness and efficiency Disadvantages of functional administration construction It taking to bury sections struggle and hapless communicating Staff will hold a penchant to sort themselves with their section or subdivision but non with the administration. Communication and confederation between the section is difficult 2.4 DIVISIONAL STRUCTURE Divisional construction is non formulated on the grouping of people harmonizing to their accomplishment instead in puting them harmonizing to their similar abilities where they are required in the administration. Advantages of Divisional construction are Due to accountability, the reaction to client is first-class Divisional construction can ease to excite managerial accomplishments and executive accomplishments, since staff are concerned to all other maps Disadvantages of Divisional construction There is diminution of specialization as good the professional accomplishments Due to sections executing the same odd occupations within the disposal, there is excess of attempt and resources. 2.5 MATRIX STRUCTURE Matrix construction involves the combination of functional and divisional construction, but yet the matrix operation remains in its ain alone manner. The director of each undertaking does non hold ownership of employees at all. He is accountable to pull off his staff from their functional country in so that to supervise his undertaking from construct to completing point Advantages of matrix construction It is really well-organized particularly when resources are limited Undertaking can get down rapidly since there is no demand to use work force from outside Cross functional accomplishments to employees due to their fond regard in assorted undertakings Disadvantages of Matrix construction Employees turn out to be upset and puzzled with concatenation of bid ( who is the caput of section or undertaking director ) The undertaking director may use for the best undertaking support work force from administration as the consequences can be the root of competitions matrix construction is the most ambitious and nerve-racking than others 2.6 HORIZONTAL LINKED STRUCURE A horizontally linked construction groups people along the value of concatenation of procedure that green goods market, and serve the houses offering. 5.0 The figure below illustrate the horizontal administration construction Run Construct Plan 2.7 DIMENSION OF ORGANISATION STRUCTURE Harmonizing to Fontaine ( 2007 ) argued that â€Å" believe of any administration construction and visualize an administration chart in two dimensions. There is perpendicular dimension in which the administration is considered to be either a Tall or Flat construction and there is the Horizontal dimension in which an administration is considered to be either broad or Narrow The perpendicular dimension organizational construction The perpendicular dimension fundamentally depict who is in charge of who is in charge of whom and who is responsible for determination devising inside the administration. It is hierarchy of authorization and within it we find the span of control Broader span of control and fewer degrees of authorization consequences in a level hierarchal construction while the narrow span of control and more degree of authorization consequences in tall hierarchal construction 6.0 A ; 7 The figures below illustrate the Tall and Flat constructions. Tall Organisation construction has ( 5 ) five figure of degree while the span of control is ( 2 ) two. The above construction represents Tall STRUCTURE Flat administration construction has ( 6 ) degree of span Control, while the figure of degree is ( 3 ) three. The figure above represents Flat STRUCTURE 2.8 SPAN OF CONTROL: Harmonizing to Mullins ( 2007. 577, 5780 ) explains that the Span of control arises in line authorization and refers to the figure of subsidiaries who report straight to a director or supervisor. V.A. Graicuna developed a mathematical expression for the span control. The restriction of the figure of subsidiary who can expeditiously be supervised is based on the sum of the direct and transverse relationships. R= N ( 2n /n + n-1 ) Where â€Å" n † represent the figure of subsidiary, † R † is the figure of interrelatednesss. Factors that act uponing span of control Span of control can be affected by the undermentioned factors: The nature of administration, the complication of the work and the similitude of maps and the range of undertakings The sum of clip the director has accessible from other activities to utilize up with subsidiaries The handiness and preparation of low-level staff, the strength of their motive and committedness and the extent of way and counsel needed. The utility of coordination and the nature of communicating and control systems. The physical topographic point or geographical spread of subsidiaries The length of scalar concatenation – this implies that if the span of control is excessively broad will make the undermentioned jobs ; it will go non easy to administrate the subsidiary successfully and do farther emphasis to the director, they may be short of clip to transport out all activities decently, limited chances for encouragement and may take to slowness to take on alteration or the debut of new alteration or procedure. Besides if the span of control is excessively narrow may show the problem of coordination and uniformity in determination devising that obstruct effectual communicating across the administration. Narrow span of control additions disposal costs and may take to excess degree of authorization Need for a balanced construction The combination of span of control and concatenation of bid determines the overall pyramid form of the administration whether the hierarchal construction is level or tall 2.9 ORGANISATION STRUCTURE USED BY NEW JICA Figure 8 below represent administration chart of jica The New JICA operates its activities in a good selected construction which suits its alone scheme of operation and direction activities. The administration is considered to hold 14 span of control ( regional scheme unit for Africa ) ( RSA ) therefore the construction is Tall with Matrix administration construction. This is due to decentralisation attack which is applied, where some of determination devising are carried out by regional office ( RSA ) alternatively of caput office in Japan. The channel of communicating is extremely structured and is unfastened to let flow of information Advantage of matrix construction It is well-organized particularly when resources are limited The undertaking can be rapidly established because there are sufficient staffs Cross functional accomplishments to employees are encouraged They deal with legion undertakings Working with and larning from other professional with assortment of accomplishments Disadvantages of matrix construction It leads to confusion and letdown to employees due to near used that is concatenation of bid and order. It can take to conflict due to observation of deadline Recommendations Since the advantages of matrix administration construction exceeded the disadvantages, it is wise to maintain on usage this administration construction because it is more efficient than others. It is an environment in which the person excel Matrix combine functional construction and divisional construction, but at the terminal it operate like neither Chapter THREE 3.0 ORGANISATION CULTURE AND BEHAVIOUR Harmonizing to Cook, C et Al ( 1997, p 112 ) defined organisation civilization as the cardinal premise people portion about an organisation ‘s values, beliefs, norms, symbols, linguistic communication, rites and myths. All of the expressive elements that gives intending to organisation rank and are accepted as usher to behaviour. Organizational Behaviour ( OB ) is the acquisition and application of cognition in relation to how people, persons, and groups perform in organisations. It interprets people organisation personal businesss in footings of the full individual, full group, full organisation, and full societal system. Its purpose is to construct better relationships by accomplishing single aims, organisational aims, and public aims. .u24a3c3da131626f40cefd307a97013c9 , .u24a3c3da131626f40cefd307a97013c9 .postImageUrl , .u24a3c3da131626f40cefd307a97013c9 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u24a3c3da131626f40cefd307a97013c9 , .u24a3c3da131626f40cefd307a97013c9:hover , .u24a3c3da131626f40cefd307a97013c9:visited , .u24a3c3da131626f40cefd307a97013c9:active { border:0!important; } .u24a3c3da131626f40cefd307a97013c9 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u24a3c3da131626f40cefd307a97013c9 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u24a3c3da131626f40cefd307a97013c9:active , .u24a3c3da131626f40cefd307a97013c9:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u24a3c3da131626f40cefd307a97013c9 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u24a3c3da131626f40cefd307a97013c9 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u24a3c3da131626f40cefd307a97013c9 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u24a3c3da131626f40cefd307a97013c9 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u24a3c3da131626f40cefd307a97013c9:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u24a3c3da131626f40cefd307a97013c9 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u24a3c3da131626f40cefd307a97013c9 .u24a3c3da131626f40cefd307a97013c9-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u24a3c3da131626f40cefd307a97013c9:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: My Philosophical Approach to Counseling EssayThe followers are the JICA organisation civilization: Harmonizing to capacity development enchiridion for JICA staff ( 2004 ) urged that JICA staff, particularly those in the regional sections at the central office and at the field offices, have the of import function to play in guaranting that JICA ‘S programs/projects support spouse states capacity development procedure. Staff must hold a wide cognition and apprehension of the state context including the latest position of development and the way such as economic liberalization and administration reforms. JICA staff needs to hold the vision of JICA in cooperation in the capacity development procedure such as, when and how JICA can lend to the procedure. With such wide cognition and apprehension, the staff will be able to guarantee the relevancy and effectivity of JICA plans and undertakings through all its phases. JICA staff is responsible for measuring appropriate undertaking aims and attacks ( which attack is appropriate for each receiver, how big the graduated table should be, and when the cooperation should get down. ) JICA staff is responsible for measuring appropriate undertaking aims and attacks ( which attack is appropriate for each receiver, how big the graduated table should be, and when the cooperation should get down. ) Addressing the cosmopolitan docket of clime alteration, H2O, nutrient, energy, infective diseases and funding JICA fight to cut down poorness of an single all over the universe through inclusive and just growing. Networking – JICA has a web of 17 domestic offices and 96 abroad agency and has undertaken missions in about 150 states Attempts to back up the independency of persons with physical disablements by reenforcing message and gestural linguistic communication in partnership with physically disabled alumnas Motivate employees and communicating between superior and low-level staff. Chapter FOUR 4.0 MANAGEMENT OF CHANGE 4.1 What is Change Management? Change direction is a set of procedures engaged to do certain that of import alterations are implemented in a controlled and organized mode. One of the aims of alteration direction is the agreement of people and civilization with considered displacements in the administration, to get the better of resistance to alter in order to hike battle and the attainment of the administration ‘s end for successful alteration. Achieving sustainable alteration begins with evident considerate of the present state of affairs of the administration, followed by the executing of suited and targeted schemes. The Centre of alteration direction is on the consequence the alteration will make – the new activities that must be understood. Change processes on a regular basis relate to a undertaking and/or structural alteration. A wide alteration direction attack should demo the manner to the needed aims and bring forth a sense of ownership, ease 4.2 Leading and pull offing alteration The execution of any major alteration procedure frequently succeeds or fails because of the leading of that alteration process. Leadership engages people to do, set and run into the demands of the predictable hereafter. Management plays a critical portion in creative activity and do alterations go on, it motivate the ‘doing ‘ . Leadership encourages the alteration ; it is what energises the Black Marias and heads of staff and develop and construct ability to move in response to future alteration Leadership and direction are two distinguishable and complimentary systems of action. Each has its ain map and characteristic ( Kotter, 1999:51 ) .The tabular array below outlines some of the features indispensable to driving important alteration enterprises at JICA Directors Leaderships Implement the vision Plan, budget and organize the squad Maintain order and system Pull off the impact of alteration Measure day-to-day Control and job solve Contribute to squads Seek step-by-step betterment Make the vision Align people and animate them Create and construct procedures Create alteration proactively Keep the values seeable Collaborate Motivate and inspire Continue to dispute the position quo 4.3 Why is organizational alteration hard to carry through? Harmonizing to Mckinsey ( 2006 ) and Thomson ( 1998 ) argues that Peoples are afraid of the unknown, many think things are all right the manner they are and do n’t understand the demand of alteration. Recognizing the demand to alter and moving on it can be hard determination for leaders and director to do. Resistance is a natural defense mechanism mechanism for those losing something. The closer we are to something or person the greater the heartache or loss. The opposition can be due to loss of security, money, pride or satisfaction, friends, freedom, duty, good working conditions, position deficiency of regard, obnoxious mode, negative attitude, personal unfavorable judgment, non holding had input, bad timing, challenge to authorization or 2nd manus information. Change must absorb the people and must non be imposed upon the people. If the administration imposes new material on people there will be troubles due to engagement, engagement and unfastened, early and full communicating are the of import factors. Peoples and squad demand to be empowered to happen their ain solutions and responses with facilitation and support from directors and tolerance and compassion from the leaders and executive. 4.4 Change direction rules At all times involve and agree support from people within system ( system = environment, processes, civilization, relationships, behaviors, etc. , whether personal or organizational ) . Understand where you/the administration is at the minute. Understand where you want to be, when, why, and what the steps will be for holding got at that place. Plan development towards above No.iii in appropriate accomplishable mensurable phases. Communicate, involve, enable and facilitate engagement from people, as early and openly and every bit to the full as is possible. 4.5 John P Kotter ‘s ‘eight stairss to successful alteration ‘ John P Kotter ( b 1947 ) is a professor and taking mind and writer on organisational alteration direction at Harvard University. Kotter ‘s extremely regarded books ‘Leading Change ‘ ( 1995 ) and ‘The Heart of Change ‘ ( 2002 ) explain a supportive theoretical account for understanding and pull offing alteration. Each phase acknowledges a cardinal rule identified by Kotter associating to people ‘s response and attack to alter, in which people see, experience and so alteration. Kotter ‘s eight measure alteration theoretical account can be summarised as: Increase urgency – inspire people to travel, do aims existent and relevant. Construct the guiding squad – acquire the right people in topographic point with the right emotional committedness, and the right mix of accomplishments and degrees. Get the vision right – acquire the squad to set up a simple vision and scheme focal point on emotional and originative facets necessary to drive service and efficiency. Communicate for buy-in – Involve as many people as possible, pass on the necessities, merely, and to appeal and react to people ‘s demands. De-clutter communications – do engineering work for you instead than against. Empowers action – Remove obstructions, enable constructive feedback and tonss of support from leaders – wages and recognise advancement and accomplishments. Create short-run wins – Set purposes that are easy to accomplish – in bite-size balls. Manageable Numberss of enterprises. Finish current phases before get downing new 1s. Do n’t allow up – Foster and promote finding and continuity – ongoing alteration – encourage on-going advancement describing – high spot achieved and future mileposts. Make alteration stick – Reinforce the value of successful alteration via enlisting, publicity, and new alteration leaders. Weave alteration into civilization 4.6 JICA AND MANAGEMENT OF CHANGE JICA reforms was stared since October 2003, when was public announced as the independent administrative establishment. The reforms was intended specifically in organizational and operations for the intent of implementing assistance activities more successful and resourceful The integrating of the bing JICA and the abroad economic cooperation subdivision of the Japan Bank for international cooperation ( JBIC ) consequence into preparation of New JICA. The new JICA is headed by Mrs Sadako Ogata who was officially the caput of UN Refugees Agency ( UNHCR ) between 1991-2000 Formulation of new JICA increases the figure of its operation through constitution of 17 domestic offices and 96 abroad offices while the figure of undertakings increased up to 150 undertakings worldwide. The alterations has lead to the constitution of New JICA Research Institute that enhances research activities on development by pulling on its abundant field cognition and to lend to research consequence and taking duologue on international development support. The reforms of the JICA focal point on integrating of 3 strategies of Japan development aid Technical aid Concessionary loan extended by ( JBI ) for abroad economic cooperation operation Grant Aid with no duty for refund New JICA impact the alterations in the undermentioned mode To concentrate on medium and long term development through encouragement of public and private partnerships, pooling of resources every bit good the experience and engineerings. Predictable assistance ; operational † turn overing programs of current undertaking for a peculiar developing state. JICA play function of beef uping partnership with international administrations and other giver to widen the model for development aid. Speedier undertaking preparation: seamless designation through preparatory study JICA offer support in ways that finest match the phase of development in every receiver state, taking a long term position and present seamless support to guarantee sustainable growing into the hereafter. Aid tailored to existent need synergism of three ( 3 ) assistance strategies

To What Extent Will High Salary Modify Workers

To What Extent Will High Salary Modify Workers Introduction The greatest asset for any organization is its personnel; persons who are involved in the daily running of the organization. It is in this regard therefore that there has been great interest in ways of maintaining a good working force which has led to studies and great inventions in Human Resource Management (Abowd, Kramarz Margolis, 1999).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on To What Extent Will High Salary Modify Workers? specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Central to the Human Resource initiatives is the intention to motivate workers since performance is increased with proper motivation of workers. There are many different intentions and things that motivate workers no wonder Human Resource Departments of any organization are usually obsessed with the focus on different theories that help them understand how to motivate their workforce (Abowd, Kramarz Margolis, 1999). One of these areas of motivation for wo rkers’ performance is the monetary reward they receive for their work; salaries. This paper takes a critical look at how far high salaries for workers works towards improving their performance, productivity, motivation and overall job-satisfaction with the view of quantifying the increment of salaries as an element of employee motivation. Research Question There are many authorities that have written a lot about this issue given its centrality in corporate organizational performance and this paper will draw insights from some of these authorities to help in answering the research question which is, ‘to what extent will high salaries improve workers’ productivity?’ Henry Grant (1913) is one such authority that has tackled the issue of employee motivation through salary increment in depth in his book, Work, Wages and Profits. In the book, Grant argues that financial reward is one sure way of ensuring accountability and hard work for employees without using f orceful means, threats and coercion (Gantt, 1913). The basic reason given for this surmise is that increased salaries for workers create a level of appreciation in the workers as they are better placed to cater for their daily needs and are even enabled to afford higher-profile lifestyle. This inclusion of material things in the workers’ lives is the one that motivates them into working harder with the assured hope of financial appreciation for their performance (Gantt, 1913). In further discussing this human resource management issue, theories of employee motivation will be used to help answer the research question. For this, two of the theories of employee motivation that will be used will help to explain the effect of financial motivation on people’s behavior at their workplace. These theories are:Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The Theory of Hie rarchy of Needs by Abraham Maslow The Theory of Motivation-Hygiene by Fredrick Herzberg These theories seek to explain the effect of improved salary on employees’ behaviour and extrapolate that effect to their performance and overall output at their places of work. According to the Theory of Hierarchy of Needs, Maslow surmises that provision of the needs of employees and guarantee of their (needs’) continued provision is the greatest motivator as to why people work. This means that instances where salaries are increased, workers’ motivation is increased and this in turn increases their productivity (Black, McKinnish Sanders, 2003). In the same breathe, Herzberg argues through the Theory of Motivation-Hygiene that poorly paid workers show little (if any) interest in their work and rarely grow economically and the corollary of this usually is reluctance to perform reducing the general output of their productivity (Black, McKinnish Sanders, 2003). They are dissa tisfied, deprived, lack sense of belonging in their workplaces and can therefore not afford modern and improved life due to their financial status. Black et al (2003) point out in their work that if low skilled workers are awarded high salaries, they are likely to increase output out of the motivation they receive in the remuneration perks they are given. These increased salaries in turn enhance their status which brings them comfort further encouraging them to do even better and this propels them into better performance. This shows that in essence, there is no difference between them and the skilled ones because since out of the motivation they receive, they can just be as perfect at their work as anyone else (Herzberg, 1987). In an expansive country like Saudi Arabia where there is a lot of competition, salary increases is a great factor that maintains workers to a given place for a given time (Herzberg, 1987). In a snapshot, these two theories point to one thing: the central plac e taken by salaries and wages in determining workers’ motivation. What is observed from increment of workers’ salaries can best be described as having some element of domino effect in that the increment triggers something into operation that affects everyone from the workers themselves to the entire corporation and eventually the market and industry they are in. Increased salaries increase workers’ motivation which in turn causes them to work harder increasing their productivity/output and this in turn increases the business’ profitability. When corporations and organizations are making appreciable profits in their respective fields, the general performance of the economy of the industry is improved and this positively contributes towards improving the entire economy (Abowd, Kramarz Margolis, 1999).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on To What Extent Will High Salary Modify Workers? specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More A social approach to the research question has been well explained by Maslow (1943) when he asserts that the one basic reason that people work is to survive. When they start earning, they seek to create a niche and establish themselves by making new friends with whom they seek to further improve their lives. Everyone who starts working usually has expectations of growing to greater economic and financial freedom through their places of work and therefore well remunerated employees have better job satisfaction thereby becoming better performers which increases their output (Maslow, 1943). The most important objective for any organization is to have its personnel at their optimal performance at all times and this is the reason a lot of money is spent in instituting strategies that implement theories that motivate workers to be at the very best they can ever be in any organization (Abowd, Kramarz Margolis, 1999). This has forced the professional world to have w orkers educated and informed about their rights as workers and this has caused them to demand reasonable salaries that befit the work they do for their employers. This demand is not only restricted to remunerations but also permeates such non-economic areas of workers’ lives as proper working conditions and workers’ rights. Bringing all these things into workers’ expectations makes motivation a complicated phenomenon that is highly dependent on individuals. Each individual having unique things and areas of interest that motivate them, motivation is therefore thought to be worker-specific in many regards and therefore conceptualizing it is not such an easy thing. This notwithstanding, remuneration is one area of need that remains constant for every worker in whatever place of work and therefore whatever model or theory is used to study worker motivation, salary and wage remuneration is always a factor that motivates every worker (Abowd, Kramarz Margolis, 1999). Other things such as praise and recognition, job security, dignified treatment, opportunity for expansion among others can be considered supplemental to monetary need. This is because good salary payment is a factor from which all other factors are likely to emanate from thereby acting as the mother determinant of employee motivation.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Conclusion In conclusion, as regards the research question which is to what extent salary increment will increase employ performance, it can be strongly concluded that salary increase is among the core aspects of motivation that ensures workers’ increased performance and motivation. All other motivational strategies such as empowerment, opportunity creation, appraisals, and recognition among others stem from the remuneration benefits into such endeavours that give workers voice for recognition. It is therefore incumbent upon any organization to ensure that their salary and wage schemes are most favourable for their workforce to ensure optimal performance that translates into profitability for the organization. In this regard therefore, corroborated with the evidential discussion preceding, it is recommended that every employer accords salary and remuneration increment the attention it is due to ensure that their personnel are always performing at their best optimal level to e nsure maximal productivity and profitability. Reference List Abowd, J., M., Kramarz, F., Margolis, D., 1999. High Wage Workers and High Wage Firms, USA: Dept. of Labor Economics, Cornell University. Black, D., McKinnish, T., Sanders, S., 2003. ‘Does Availability of High-Wage for Low-Skilled Men Affect Welfare Expenditures?’ Harvard Business Review, 87, (9-10), pp. 1921-1942. Gantt, H., 1913. Work, Wages, and Profits: Their Influence on Cost of Living. USA: Dept. of Labor Economics, Cornell University. Herzberg, F., 1987. ‘One More Time: How Do You Motivate Employees?’ Harvard Business Review, (e-jounal) 1 (5). Web.

American history Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

American history - Essay Example This part of the study will discuss about several successes that were achieved by the government of the United States of America under the articles of the confederation. Under this article of the confederation, the colonists of America fought against the soldiers of Great Britain with their full strength and achieved independence. The government of the United States of America succeeded to maintain a strong unity by keeping 13 different states together. In addition to this, these states stayed together for a longer period of time in order to realize the importance of unity. The Land Ordinance of the 1785 was the most effective territory expansion plan introduced by the government of the United States of America under the articles of confederation. The government of the United States of America raised huge money by selling the lands. It helped government to source and allocate required fund for several planned projects and development programs. In addition to this, this sourcing of fu nds or capital helped the government of the United States of America to repay the previous debt account (Collins 136). It helped the country to achieve significant economic growth rate. Under this article of confederation, government of the United States of America introduced several public development projects. For example, government initiated Section 16. It was the designated for the development of several public schools. Northwest Ordinance is also considered as one of the key successes of the government under the articles of confederation. The government of the country planned for the establishment of governments in different territories. It helped the government of the Unite States of America to maintain discipline and sustainability in these territories (Kellogg 58). Government of the country developed several processes for these territories to become a state. It helped the government of the country to reform and improve overall economic and social condition of these territor ies. In addition to this, government of the United States of America succeeded to expand fundamental democratic rights into the Northwest region. Aspects like Freedom of speech for common people, no slavery, trial by jury and freedom of speech for press were guaranteed by the Congress. In addition to this, government of the United States of America succeeded to prepare a constitution for the country including these territories and states which approved by the Congress. Several developed laws and regulations developed by the government of states helped to maintain peace and control the social life in the newly developed states. Failures of government under the Articles of Confederation The inherent weakness in the Articles of Confederation arises from the fact that it is called a confederacy. The sovereign power was placed in the hands of the states of the America. This fact was explicitly stated in Article II of the confederation which states that each state will retain the freedom, sovereignty, independence, jurisdiction, power and right. Such distribution of power was chosen by the Founding Fathers since Americans colonist were very wary of the national governments (Feinberg 78). They have to deal with the British Crown for many years; the American colonies did not want to make another out-of-touch national government. During this short lifespan, the Articles of Confederation became ineffective at governing the growing American states. The main cause for this

Critical Issue Paper Two Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Critical Issue Paper Two - Essay Example ted States homefront had a controlled economy wherein all aspects of the industrial and agricultural sector are managed for the interest of the national security. Production of houses, new automobiles and new appliances were stopped creating a shortage within the consumer market. Housing shortages, especially in the munitions center (industrial sections) of the country forced married couples to live with parents or any makeshift facilities. And since little housing was done during the Great Depression years prior to World War II, the home shortage problem grew worse till 1948. Incidentally, the â€Å"wartime efforts were focused on aircraft engines, army trucks and tanks.† Mass production for aircrafts, where the requirement was to build a thousand planes a day needed new methods and a larger less skilled workforce (composed of women workers), were implemented. Basic goods and commodities like meat, sugar, butter, coffee, gasoline, tires, shoes and clothing were rationed. Purchase of any desired item requires three (3) things, which are: 1) the store keeper must have the items; 2) the purchaser must have cash, and 3) the purchaser must have ration coupons. In general, the rationing activity was supported by the civilians, although black marketing activities existed. Black marketeers were usually hunted down and prosecuted for engaging in such activities that was considered illegal at that time. Rationing was necessary during the World War II at the United States homefront, because the needs of men and women who are serving abroad must be met and considered. Conservation of the aforementioned commodities and other basic items were significant factors for the overall success of the war efforts, since shipping capabilities were limited due to the conversion of public cargo ships to military use in order to aid the war efforts. Good paying jobs were available for anyone who liked to work, although salaries and wages were also controlled. Women joined the

Liberty University Bibl 323 John Module 4 Notes Essay Example for Free

Liberty University Bibl 323 John Module 4 Notes Essay People would live in booths, temporary shelters made of palm branches outside the city to remind them of God’s care for 40 years in the wilderness. Every Jewish male was expected to attend the feast. (Lev. 16:16). â€Å"Three times a year all your men must appear before the Lord your God at the place he will choose: at the Feast of Unleavened Bread, the Feast of Weeks and the Feasts of Tabernacles. No man should appear before the Lord empty-handed. † The 3 most important days in the Old Testament were not held on Saturday but on Sunday Seven plus one is John’s key phrase and here the three main feast feature seven days, Sabbath. Lev. 23:2–15). â€Å"Speak to the Israelites and say to them: ‘These are my appointed feasts, the appointed feast of the Lord, which you are to proclaim as sacred assemblies. The Lord’s Passover begins at twilight on the fourteenth day of the first month. For seven days present, an offering made to the Lord by fire. And on the seventh day hold a sacred assembly and do no regular work. ’ Speak to the Israelites and say to them: ‘When you enter the land I am going to give you and you reap its harvest, bring to the priest a sheaf of the first grain you harvest. He is to wave the sheaf before the Lord so it will be accepted on your behalf; the priest is to wave it on the day after the Sabbath. From the day after the Sabbath, the day you brought the sheaf of the wave offering, count off seven full weeks. ’† Then 7 weeks plus one day, i. e. , Pentecost, held on ____________________. Tabernacles (Lev. 23:34). â€Å"Say to the Israelites: ‘On the fifteenth day of the seventh month the Lord’s Feast of Tabernacles begins, and it lasts for seven days. Live in booths for seven days: All native born Israelites are to live in booths so your descendants will know that I had the Israelites live in booths when I brought them out of Egypt. I am the Lord your God. So beginning with the fifteenth day of the seventh month, after you have gathered the crops of the land, celebrate the festival to the Lord for seven days; the first day is a day of rest, and the eighth day also is a day of rest. On the first day you are to take choice fruit from the trees, and palm fronds, leafy branches, and poplars, and rejoice before the Lord your God for seven days. The first day is a sacred assembly; do no regular work. For seven days present offerings made to the Lord by fire, and on the eighth day hold a sacred assembly and present an offering made to the Lord by fire. It is the closing assembly do no regular work. † Passover Pentecost Booths April June October Planting Crops in ground Harvest Most attended Least attended Middle Lev. 23:5 Lev. 23:15ff Lev. 23:34ff 7 days plus 1 7 days times 7 plus 1 7 days plus 1 Feast of the First 7 weeks then 1 Fruits Cross Atonement Holy Spirit Future Kingdom Eight is the number of regeneration new things Holy Spirit Brethren, v. – adeiphoi Catholic and Jerome – his cousins Sons of Joseph by another marriage A group of Jesus’ followers Children of Joseph and Mary after Jesus. They had a least seven children. Matt. 13:55 â€Å"Isn’t this the carpenter’s son? Isn’t his mother’s name Mary, and aren’t his brothers James, Joseph, Simon, and Judas? A ren’t all his sisters with us? Where then did this man get all these things? † What were the bothers trying to do? They were being sarcastic Wanting fame from a famous brother Another of Satan’s attempts to kill Jesus prematurely En parresiai – openly – literally in boldness Timing (7:6–9). Therefore Jesus told them, ‘The right time for me has not yet come; for you any time is right. The world cannot hate you, but it hates me because I testify that what it does is evil. You go to the Feast. I am not yet going up to the Feast, because for me the right time has not yet come. ’ Having said this, he stayed in Galilee. † Time – karios – not the normal word hora – season Possibilities in resolving the problem Some accuse Jesus of falsehood Anabarino – I go up – in context ascending to Jerusalem in celebration of a completed task. He could not go up that way for His task was not completed I am not ready to do the tabernacle work yet The time for Jesus to celebrate the feast of Tabernacles will be At His return Hostilities (7:10–13). â€Å"However, after his brothers had left for the Feast, he went also, not publicly, but in secret. Now at the Feast the Jews were watching for him and asking, ‘Where is that man? ’ Among the crowds there was widespread whispering about him. Some said, ‘He is a good man. ’ Others replied, ‘No, he deceives the people. ’ But no one would say anything publicly about him for fear of the Jews. Secretly – kruptoi – is placed in contrast to public celebration. nvisible wear disguise on non-traveled paths Openly – phaneros 7:10, and parnessaoi 7:4, both come the root word to Tell it all Whispering – goggusmos – mummer – as they did In the wilderness Of believers – a good man Of non-believers – not a good man Half – He deceives people Jesu s is a divider of men Christ and His Heavenly Claims (7:14–39) His ____________________ (7:14–24). â€Å"Not until halfway through the Feast did Jesus go up to the temple courts and begin to teach. The Jews were amazed and asked, ‘How did this man get such learning without having studied? Jesus answered, ‘My teaching is not my own. It comes from him who sent me. If anyone chooses to do God’s will, he will find out whether my teaching comes from God or whether I speak on my own. He who speaks on his own does so to gain honor for himself, but he who works for the honor of the one who sent him is a man of truth; there is nothing false about him. Has not Moses given you the law? Yet not one of you keeps the law. Why are you trying to kill me? ’ ‘You are demon-possessed,’ the crowd answered. ‘Who is trying to kill you? ’ Jesus said to them, ‘I did one miracle, and you are all astonished. Yet, because Moses gave you circumcision (though actually it did not come from Moses, but from the patriarchs), you circumcise a child on the Sabbath. Now if a child can be circumcised on the Sabbath so that the law of Moses may not be broken, why are you angry with me for healing the whole man on the Sabbath? Stop judging by mere appearances, and make a right judgment. ’† Four claims of Jesus in the midst of the feast (7:14–24) Concerning His doctrine (7:14–24) My doctrine is from God (7:16) Doctrine is teaching Doctrine is the product teaching is the process I have preformed a miracle (7:21). Lame man to Bethesda Concerning His heavenly mission (7:25–36) I am from God (7:28). I will return to God (7:33). Will do His will – theisi poiein If a person’s moral purpose is in harmony with God’s will, then that person will come to know the truth of Jesus’ doctrine. Because of the attitude of â€Å"the Jews† they cannot meet this condition so they cannot understand His doctrine. Apparently the crowd did not know their leaders as they thought. It was unthinkable that the spiritual leaders of the day would plot to murder. They thought Jesus must be either paraniod or demon possessed The Sabbath law was not an absolute law a person could work under the right circumstance. If it were permissible to circumcise then why not to heal? This was not totally a new idea, Rabbi Eliezer, â€Å"If circumcision, which concerns one of a man’s 248 limbs, displaces the Sabbath, how much more must a man’s whole body (i. e. , if his life be in danger) displace the Sabbath† (Yoma 85b). Be angry – cholate – literally it is derivative from the word â€Å"gall† and literally means to be â€Å"full of bile†. The monstrous act that Jesus described was that 19 months earlier, He had healed a man on Saturday, who had been sick 38 years. Jesus had not only taken care of the physical but also the spiritual â€Å"problem. † His ____________________ (7:25–36). â€Å"At that point, some of the people of Jerusalem began to ask, ‘Isn’t this the man they are trying to kill? Here he is, speaking publicly, and they are not saying a word to him. Have the authorities really concluded that he is the Christ? But we know where this man is from; when the Christ comes, no one will know where he is from. ’ Then Jesus, still teaching in the temple courts, cried out, ‘Yes, you know me, and you know where I am from. I am not here on my own, but he who sent me is true. You do not know him, but I know him because I am from him and he sent me. ’ At this they tried to seize him, but no one laid a hand on him, because his time had not yet come. Still, many in the crowd put their faith in him. They said, ‘When the Christ comes, will he do more miraculous signs than this man? ’ The Pharisees heard the crowd whispering such things about him. Then the chief priests and the Pharisees sent temple guards to arrest him. Jesus said, ‘I am with you for only a short time, and then I go to the one who sent me. You will look for me, but you will not find me; and here I am, you cannot come. ’ The Jews said to one another, ‘Where does this man intend to go that we cannot find him? Will he go where our people live scattered among the Greeks, and teach the Greeks? What did he mean when he said, ‘You will look for me, but you will not find me,’ and ‘Where I am, you cannot come? ’† Verse 25 the plot t o kill Jesus was common knowledge Lerosolumeiton v. 25 – used only here and in Mark 1:15 refers specifically to the residents of Jerusalem as distinguished from both the crowds who invaded the city during the feast and the religious bureaucracy. Jewish tradition said that the coming of the Messiah would be veiled in mystery. Some though that the Messiah would not know who he was until he was anointed by Elijah. Therefore, because Jesus knew who He was He could not be the Messiah. Cried – with a loud voice. True v. 28 – alethinos – in the sense of genuineness rather than veracity. Still others in the crowd began to believe. v. 31. Response of the Pharisees Sent temple police to arrest him. Not Romans but Levitical police. v. 32. Sent spies out to gather evidence that could be used against Him in His trial. They did not report to the Sanhedrin until four days later. The Prophecy 7:35 – They unknowingly prophesied that Jesus should go to the diaspora, i. e. , Jews outside Palestine and to the Gentiles. Dispersed scattered. Gentiles means nations. a Latin phrase. This is exactly what the Early Church did, v. 35. His ____________________ (7:37–39). â€Å"On the last and greatest day of the Feast, Jesus stood and said in a loud voice, ‘If anyone is thirsty, let him come to me and drink. Whoever believes in me, as the Scripture has said, â€Å"Streams of living water will flow from within him. †Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ By this he meant the Spirit, whom those who believed in him were later to receive. Up to that time the Spirit had not been given, since Jesus had not yet been glorified. † Last day – sunday Holy Spirit Not spoken of until the Holy Ghost/Spirit For seven days, the nation had lived in booths to remind them of God’s provision for the nation of Israel For seven days they rejoiced in the ____________________. The eighth day was a special Sabbath sunday priest would draw water from the pool of Siloam and take it to the temple to the altar. The people began to sing (Isa. 12:3), â€Å"With joy you will draw water from the wells of salvation. † At this point Jesus began to preach: â€Å"Is anyone thirsty? . As they are singing and pouring water, Jesus disrupts the ceremony with a loud voice. Jesus is either lunatic or lord The invitation is come and drink Koilias – inward parts Organ of nourishment, ____________________. Organ of reproduction, ____________________. Organ of direction, ____________________. The hidden innermost recesses of the kardia (heart), the seat of the intellect, emotions, and will, i. e. , the real person. Whose koilias? ____________________. Out of the givers belly will flow living water. He spoke of the Holy Spirit as God pouring out. ___________________ – He that believes, will be in dwelt with the Holy Spirit and gives the fruits, gifts, and fullness. This refers to rivers not belly. Verse 39 is a footnote that explains and adds to the text. As the rock produced water that nourished Israel in the wilderness so shall the Holy Spirit fills us What the Holy Spirit brings indwells the believer – Romans 5:5 fills for service – Eph. 5:18 gives quality life – Gal. 5:22–33 illuminates – John 14:26 secures heaven – Eph. 1:13–14 The Response of the Multitude (7:40–53) Divided ____________________ (7:40–43). On hearing his words, some of the people said, ‘Surely this man is the Prophet. ’ Others said, ‘He is the Christ. ’ Still others asked, ‘How can the Christ come from Galilee? Does not the Scripture say that the Christ will come from David’s family and from Bethlehem, the town where David lived? ’ Thus the people were divided because of Jesus. † Jesus always divides the people into two groups – ____________________. People began to look at Jesus ____________________ after He disrupted the great procession. They did not really search His birthplace. They thought He was born In galilee Schisma – division – comes from the verb to rend. There is now a clear split in the crowd. He is either accepted or rejected No middle ground Divided officers (7:44–46). â€Å"Some wanted to seize him, but no one laid a hand on him. Finally the temple guards went back to the chief priests and Pharisees, who asked them, ‘Why didn’t you bring him in? ’ ‘No one ever spoke the way this man does,’ the guards declared. † What was true of the crowds was true of the officers they were divided Divided Sanhedrin (7:47–53). â€Å"‘You mean he has deceived you also? ’ the Pharisees retorted. ‘Has any of the rulers or of the Pharisees believed in him? No! But this mob that knows nothing of the law—there is a curse on them. ’ Nicodemus, who had gone to Jesus earlier and who was one of their own number, asked, ‘Does our law condemn anyone without first hearing him to find out what he is doing? ’ They replied, ‘Are you from Galilee, too? Look into it, and you will find that a prophet does not come out of Galilee. ’† Nicodemus was one of the leaders of the Jews who Believed on Jesus The response of the Pharisees may be interpreted in two ways. They may be urging Nicodemus to read the scriptures and see that no prophet had ever appeared in Galilee. This of course is not true. Jonah, Hosea, Nahum, Elijah, Elisha, and Amos came from Galilee. Jonah came from around Nazareth. â€Å"Search† did not refer to the Scriptures but the place. â€Å"From your knowledge of Galilee, is it the kind of place to produce a prophet? † The same attitude as Nathanael first had. Went to their own home – they had been living in booths and the feast was over so home. They went back to live in their houses. Jesus had confounded them. WhT ELSE COULD THEY DO. Review Why is Jesus called â€Å"the Heavenly One† in this chapter? Describe the Feast of Tabernacles. Why did Jesus’ half brothers want him to go to Jerusalem? Who were these brethren (v. 3–5)? Why did Jesus go up to this feast? What time of year was the Feast of Tabernacles? What did Jesus mean by the use of â€Å"belly†? What was the response of the multitude to Jesus’ action at the Feast of Tabernacles? Christ – The Light of the World Outline Chapter 8 Christ, the Lord of an Immoral Woman (8:1–11) A snare produced (8:1–6). â€Å"But Jesus went to the Mount of Olives. At dawn he appeared again in the temple courts; where all the people gathered around him, and he sat down to teach them. The teachers of the law and the Pharisees brought in a woman caught in adultery. They made her stand before the group and said to Jesus, ‘Teacher, this woman was caught in the act of adultery. In the Law Moses commanded us to stone such women. Now what do you say? ’ They were using this question as a trap, in order to have a basis for accusing him. But Jesus bent down and started to write on the ground with his finger. † Introduction There is a major textual problem in Chapter 8. 7:53–8:11 is missing in some ancient manuscripts. Some translations either put in a disclaimer or a footnote. Arguments for authenticity Internal argument It is consistent with the ____________________. It is consistent with the ____________________. Documents the story of the woman caught in adultery was cited in the third century Apostolic Constitutions. Church Fathers. It was considered authentic by Jerome, Ambrose, and Augustine. Augustine tells why it is missing – some he calls â€Å"weak in the faith† feared their wives would use it to ____________________. This was an obvious trap to put Jesus on the horns of a dilemma. Stone her – lose his title as ____________________. Let her go – be in opposition ____________________. Remember the situation. Vacation atmosphere may be easier for ____________________. Living in booths, easier to catch someone in the act of adultery or ____________________. Early morning – orthrou – ____________________. It was common for a Rabbi to teach ____________________. If they had been interested in justice they would have taken her ____________________. They brought only the woman. Normally she would have been taken to her husband, or even before a court. The word for adultery is micheumoen which always refers to sexual infidelity involving married people neither ____________________. She was put in the ____________________. Where is the man? The reference to the law of Moses was ____________________. Deut. 22:22–24, â€Å"If a man is found sleeping with another man’s wife, both the man who slept with her and the woman must die. † Stoning We often think of ____________________. The Greek word is for a stone about the ____________________. The person would be held down on the ground and the one who cast the first stone was ____________________. The Dilemma If Jesus had said release her, he would have – ____________________. If He said stone her, ____________________. ____________________. She had Broken the ____________________. Her word Her very character Broken ____________________. Broken ____________________. A sentence produced (8:6–11). â€Å"They were using this question as a trap, in order to have a basis for accusing him. But Jesus bent down and started to write on the ground with his finger. When they kept on questioning him, he straightened up and said to them, ‘If any one of you is without sin, let him be the first to throw a stone at her. ’ Again he stooped down and wrote on the ground. At this, those who heard began to go away one at a time, the older ones first, until only Jesus was left, with the woman still standing there. Jesus straightened up and asked her, ‘Woman, where are they? Has no one condemned you? ’ ‘No one, sir,’ she said. ‘Then neither do I condemn you,’ Jesus declared. ‘Go now and leave your life of sin. † Why write? To prove Jesus ____________________. Christ was ____________________ – Jesus did not need time to think. He was giving them time to think. â€Å"Lawgiver. † He wrote the first law on tablets of stone He is now telling the audience He has the right to ____________________. It was common for a teacher ____________________ as a visual aid. Two words for writing. Kategaphen – to write against. What did Jesus write? List of the ____________________. Armenian New Testament, â€Å"He himself, bowing His head, was writing with His finger on the earth to declare their sins; and they were seeing their several sins on the stones. † Jesus wrote the ____________________. Wrote the ____________________ who committed adultery with the woman. Wrote something about the ____________________. Egraphen – Jesus ____________________. Without sin – anamartetos One who has not sinned, or one who cannot sin although the latter meaning was never expressed in the New Testament. A. T. Roberston, â€Å"He who has not committed this same sin. † The one who is not in on this plot. Jewish leaders were all conspirators in this conflict. Being convicted by their own conscience – elegchomenoi – literally means to ____________________. The light was reminding these hardened scribes and Pharisees of their own history of sin. Katekrinen – to give judgment ____________________. Stoning was symbolic. Stoning by the Jews involved taking large rocks, raising them over one’s head with both hands and thrusting them down upon the victim. Sin no more – He condemned her sin but condoned her person. We condone ____________________. But condemn ____________________. Christ, the Light in Moral Darkness (8:12–30) Why light? ____________________ – four golden candelabras each with four golden bowls. The bowls had been filed with oil and lit. Contemporary observers claimed the light was so brilliant, it illuminated the entire city of Jerusalem. The memory would still be in the minds of his listeners. ____________________ that led Israel. â€Å"Light† is applied ____________________. ____________________ – He may have been teaching just before sunrise. Jesus, ____________________ which drove away the conspiring Pharisees and illuminated the heart of the woman taken in adultery. By revealing the Christ (8:12–20). When Jesus spoke again to the people, he said, ‘I am the light of the world. Whoever follows me will never walk in darkness, but will have the light of life. ’ The Pharisees challenged him, ‘Here you are, appearing as your own witness; your testimony is not valid. ’ Jesus answered, ‘Even if I testify on my own behalf, my testimo ny is valid, for I know where I came from and where I am going. But you have no idea where I come from or where I am going. You judge by human standards; I pass judgment on no one. But if I do judge, my decisions are right, because I am not alone. I stand with the Father, who sent me. In your own Law it is written that the testimony of two men is valid. I am one who testifies for myself; my other witness is the Father, who sent me. ’ Then they asked him, ‘Where is your father? ’ ‘You do not know me or my Father,’ Jesus replied. ‘If you knew me, you would know my Father also. ’ He spoke these words while teaching in the temple area near the place where the offerings were put. Yet no one seized him, because his time had not yet come. † According to the accepted rules of evidence one could not give witness for himself it must be verified in the presence of ____________________. There is life in light there is death in ____________________. The Pharisees said ouk alethes meaning his witness was not pertinent or irrelevant. It was like saying the sun is not shining if only one person sees it. The two witness of verse 16. Jesus Father Are There Not Twelve Hours In The Day? (11:9) The hour of the Son of Man’s shining (2:4; 12:23). The hour of the Savior’s suffering (7:30; 8:20; 17:1). The hour of the Seeker’s summons (1:39). The hour of the sinner’s salvation (4:6, 29). The hour of the supplicant’s certainty (4:52). The hour of the Saint’s service (19:27). The hour of the Shepherd’s sabbatical (13:1). The hour of the Soul’s sorrow (12:27; 16:21). The hour of the student’s scattering (16:32). The hour of the Sovereign’s showing (19:14). The hour of the son of God’s supremacy (5:25–29). (11:9) â€Å"Jesus answered, ‘are there not twelve hours of daylight? A man who walks by day will not stumble, for he sees by this world’s light. ’† Gegraptai – v. 17 perfect tense meaning it has been written in the past and stands written. By revealing the Father (8:21–27). â€Å"Once more Jesus said to them, ‘I am going away, and you will look for me, and you will die in your sin. Where I go, you cannot come. ’ This made the Jews ask, ‘Will he kill himself? Is that why he says, `Where I go, you cannot come’? ’ But he continued, ‘You are from below; I am from above. You are of this world; I am not of this world. I told you that you would die in your sins; if you do not believe that I am [the one I claim to be] you will indeed die in your sins. ’ ‘Who are you? ’ they asked. ‘Just what I have been claiming all along,’ Jesus replied. ‘I have much to say in judgment of you. But he who sent me is reliable, and what I have heard from him I tell the world. ’† The first use of sin is singular (8:21) hamartiai ____________________. Where as the second time He used the plural hamartiais (8:24) ____________________. Kill himself, v. 22 – it was widely held among Pharisees that anyone that killed himself would ____________________. By revealing the Cross (8:28–30). â€Å"So Jesus said, ‘When you have lifted up the Son of Man, then you will know that I am [the one I claim to be] and that I do nothing on my own but speak just what the Father has taught me. The one who sent me is with me; He has not left me alone, for I always do what pleases Him. ’ Even as He spoke, many put heir faith in Him. † Jesus constantly reminds them of the ____________________. He also constantly uses the term â€Å"____________________. † Here again Jesus refers to Himself, ____________________. People believed eis into Him ____________________. Christ – the Liberator of Moral Slavery (8:31–59) Bondage declared (8: 31–36). â€Å"To the Jews who had believed him, Jesus said, ‘If you hold to my teaching, you are really my disciples. Then you will know the truth, and the truth will set you free. ’ They answered him, ‘We are Abraham’s descendants and have never been slaves of anyone. How can you say that we shall be set free? Jesus replied, ‘I tell you the truth, everyone who sins is a slave to sin. Now a slave has no permanent place in the family, but a son belongs to it forever. So if the Son sets you free, you will be free indeed. ’† Jesus then talks to the believers. Some may have believed to salvation, v. 30. Others not, v. 31 – it is possible to be a professor and not ____________________ of salvation. True disciples are those who hold on to His teaching. Jews never in bondage. ____________________. ____________________. Jesus was not speaking of political bondage but ____________________. Doulos – slave to sin. cf. Romans chapters 6:6–8. Bondage explained (8:36–47). â€Å"‘So if the Son sets you free, you will be free indeed. I know you are Abraham’s descendants. Yet you are ready to kill me, because you have no room for my word. I am telling you what I have seen in the Father’s presence, and you do what you have heard from your father. ’ ‘Abraham is our father,’ they answered. ‘If you were Abraham’s children,’ said Jesus, ‘then you would do the things Abraham did. As it is, you are determined to kill me, a man who has told you the truth that I heard from God. Abraham did not do such things. You are doing the things your own father does. ‘We are not illegitimate children,’ they protested. ‘The only Father we have is God himself. ’ Jesus said to them, ‘If God were your Father, you would love me, for I came from God and now am here. I have not come on my own; but he sent me. Why is my language not clear to you? Because you are unable to hear what I say. You belong to your father, the devil, and you want to carry out your father’s desire. He was a murderer from the beginning, not holding to the truth, for there is no truth in him. When he lies, he speaks his native language, for he is a liar and the father of lies. Yet because I tell the truth, you do not believe me! Can any of you prove me guilty of sin? If I am telling the truth, why don’t you believe me? He who belongs to God hears what God says. The reason you do not hear is that you do not belong to God. ’† Free indeed, ____________________. Abraham was a friend of God so if we are his children, we are ____________________. Note the dialectic – they are Abraham’s ____________________, but Jesus is God’s ____________________. Not born of fornication – may be a jab about the birth of Jesus. There are only two possibilities. Jesus was either born through ____________________ or ____________________. The prophet Hosea disagreed with the Jews v. 41 he said the nation had become the ____________________. Hosea 1:9–2:4. Jesus says that they are children of Satan, v. 44. Outwardly religious inwardly ____________________. Bondage demonstrated (8:48–59). â€Å"The Jews answered him, ‘Aren’t we right in saying that you are a Samaritan and demon-possessed? ’ ‘I am not possessed by a demon,’ said Jesus, ‘but I honor my Father and you dishonor me. I am not seeking glory for myself; but there is one who seeks it, and he is the judge. I tell you the truth, if anyone keeps my word, he will never see death. ’ At this the Jews exclaimed, ‘Now we know that you are demon-possessed! Abraham died and so did the prophets, yet you say that if anyone keeps your word, he will never taste death. Are you greater than our father Abraham? He died, and so did the prophets. Who do you think you are? ’ Jesus replied, ‘If I glorify myself, my glory means nothing. My Father, whom you claim as your God, is the one who glorifies me. Though you do not know him, I know him. If I said I did not, I would be a liar like you, but I do know him and keep his word. Your father Abraham rejoiced at the thought of seeing my day; he saw it and was glad. ’ ‘You are not yet fifty years old,’ the Jews said to him, ‘and you have seen Abraham! ’ ‘I tell you the truth,’ Jesus answered, ‘before Abraham was born, I am! ’ At this, they picked up stones to stone him, but Jesus hid himself, slipping away from the temple grounds. ’† The Jews responded by name calling (good when no facts support your conclusions). ____________________ v. 48. One of the strongest insults one could make to a Jew. There was also a play on words in Aramaic, Shomeroni meaning Samaritan and Shomeroni could also mean â€Å"a child of the devil. † ____________________ v. 48. Abraham rejoiced to see my day. In Paradise before ____________________. From the gospel of Nicodemus and The Acts of Pilate Abraham rejoicing to see the light of the approaching Christ when Jesus descended into hell between the cross and the resurrection. Abraham rejoiced by faith knowing that Messiah would be ____________________. Abraham’s ____________________ in Genesis 15:8–21. His laugh at Isaac’s birth was not a laugh of unbelief but belief that the Messiah would come through Isaac. Gen. 24:1 – Abraham had a ____________________ into the future of the nation. Gen. 17:1, vision when Abram was ninety-nine years old, the Lord appeared to him and said, â€Å"I am God almighty; walk before me and be blameless. † ____________________ Genesis 18 Jesus ate with Abraham then later Abraham interceded before the destruction on the cities of the plains. Not 50 years old Could be his actual age – ____________________. 50 years was the age of Levitical retirement. The point you are not old enough to retire, much less ____________________. General term meaning old. I Am – they took up stones again – not little stones but big stones. They are in the middle of construction at the temple and there must have been many large stones around. They came first to stone a ____________________ and ended up trying to stone a ____________________. Review What two persons did the Jews want to stone? Why did Jesus write on the ground? Where was the man who was in adultery with the woman? What was the source of the statement, â€Å"I am the Light†? What did Jesus mean â€Å"without sin† (verse 7)? Who did Jesus suggest was the Father of the Jews? Why did the Jews call Jesus a Samaritan? How does this chapter prove the Deity of Jesus? How did Jesus pass through those attempting to stone Him? Christ – The Light of the World Chapter 9 The Healing of the Blind Man (9:1–7) â€Å"As he went along, he saw a man blind from birth. His disciples asked him, ‘Rabbi, who sinned, this man or his parents, that he was born blind? ’ ‘Neither this man nor his parents sinned,’ said Jesus, ‘but this happened so that the work of God might be displayed in his life. As long as it is day, we must do the work of him who sent me. Night is coming, when no one can work. While I am in the world, I am the light of the world. Having said this, he spit on the ground, made some mud with the saliva, and put it on the man’s eyes. ‘Go,’ he told him, ‘wash in the Pool of Siloam’ (this word means Sent). So the man went and washed, and came home seeing. † Introduction Two major themes, light and opposition. It begins wh en Jesus becomes the ____________________ to the man born blind and ends with the healed man receiving ____________________. The Jewish bureaucracy rejected the light and persecuted those who responded to the light. Compare chapters 8 and 9. Jesus the light – ____________________. Jesus the Liberator – ____________________. Jesus the sinless one – ____________________. Jesus the â€Å"I am – I AM† ____________________. Ballo, (8:59) aorist active subjunctive, suggesting that some had already begun to throw stones. They are willing to break the Sabbath to kill Jesus even while He was in the temple proper. How did Jesus hide Himself? He became ____________________. Blind ____________________. Jesus ____________________, or the ____________________ Jesus and the man with stones. You would think that Jesus would be running from the stones but instead as He walks out the gate He takes time to heal a blind beggar. He had put His trust in the Father. The beautiful gate faces north bronze doors with a vine on it. The gate kept the blind and lame ____________________. In this miracle the person healed has been blind from birth. The early Christian writers used this miracle as an ____________________. Question: Who sinned? If blind from birth then it was hard for the blindness ____________________. Several Old Testament passages say that the children will suffer the consequences of ____________________. Exodus 34:7 â€Å"Maintaining love to thousands, and forgiving wickedness, rebellion and sin. Yet he does not leave the guilty unpunished; he punishes the children and their children for the sins of the fathers to the third and fourth generation. † Num. 14:18 â€Å"The Lord is slow to anger, abounding in love and forgiving sin and rebellion. Yet he does not leave the guilty unpunished; he punishes the children for the sin of the fathers to the third and fourth generation. † Deut 5:9 â€Å"You shall not bow down to them or worship them; for I, the Lord your God, am a jealous God, punishing the children for the sin of the fathers to the third and fourth generation of those who hate me. † Jer. 1:29 â€Å"In those days people will no longer say, ‘The fathers have eaten sour grapes, and the children’s teeth are set on edge. Instead, everyone will die for his own sin; whoever eats sour grapes—his own teeth will be set on edge. ’† Eze. 18:2 â€Å"What do you people mean by quoting this proverb about the land of Israel: ‘Th e farther eat sour grapes, and the children’s teeth are set on edge? ’† A popular Jewish thought was that sin did not begin at birth but ____________________. The man had sinned prior to his birth. Pre-existence of souls. In their ____________________ they could sin. There are other reasons than sin for deformities. This man was born blind so ____________________. Why did Jesus use clay and spittle? Spittle was believed to have special ____________________. It was used in two miracles. Today when you hurt your finger, you put it in your mouth. Kneading clay with spittle is specifically forbidden by the Sabbath laws of the Jews. Jesus was again challenging the authority over ____________________. He is reminding that man was originally made from the ____________________. Why send the man so far to wash? The pool of Bethesda was much closer than the pool of Siloam. Wash – go ____________________ in the water of Siloam. The answer is seen in the typical significance of this pool from which water was drawn on the eighth day following the feast of Tabernacles. In that ceremony the waters of Siloam were likened unto ____________________. Isa. 12:3. Siloam means sent. One of Jesus’ names is Shiloah, i. e. , sent one, Genesis 49:10. To ____________________. Imagine a blind man with clay in his eyes trying to get to the pool ? of a mile away. After he washed he returned seeing. The Witness of the Blind Man (9:8–34) Introduction to this section. Verses of progression of faith. 11 – a man who is ____________________. 17 – ____________________. 31 – a ____________________ who does His will. 36, 38 – a ____________________. Progression of faith ____________________ Jesus (v. 11) Told ____________________ (v. 15) Testimony ____________________ (v. 25) ____________________ His faith (v. 30–33) Becomes a ____________________ (v. 36) Finally is a ____________________ (v. 38) Five descending steps away from faith. Weak faith (Romans 4:19–20) Little faith (Matthew 14) Faithless – natural Doubt Unbelief – the opposite of belief. Witness to his friends (9:8–12). His neighbors and those who had formerly seen him begging asked, ‘Isn’t this the same man who used to sit and beg? ’ Some claimed that he was. Others said, ‘No, he only looks like him. ’ But he himself insisted, ‘I am the man. ’ ‘How then were your eyes opened? â⠂¬â„¢ they demanded. He replied, ‘The man they call Jesus made some mud and put it on my eyes. He told me to go to Siloam and wash. So I went and washed, and then I could see. ’ ‘Where is this man? ’ they asked him. ‘I don’t know,’ he said. † Who used to observe him – theoreo theoroutes – present active participle. Some ____________________ â€Å"He is like him† – ouchi denoting a vigorous enial concerning the identity of the man. If people that knew him did not believe it was he, it is not surprising that the Pharisees later questioned if the man had ever been blind. The man knew ____________________ – aneblepsa – aorist active indicative of anablepo meaning to see and continue seeing. He did not know where Jesus was because after Jesus anointed his eyes with clay, the man walked ? of a mile and Jesus went His way. Witness to the Pharisees (9:13–18). â€Å"They brought to the Phari sees the man who had been blind. Now the day on which Jesus had made the mud and opened the man’s eyes was a Sabbath. Therefore the Pharisees also asked him how he had received his sight. ‘He put mud on my eyes,’ the man replied, ‘and I washed, and now I see. ’ Some of the Pharisees said, ‘This man is not from God, for he does not keep the Sabbath. ’ But others asked, ‘How can a sinner do such miraculous signs? ’ So they were divided. Finally they turned again to the blind man, ‘What have you to say about him? It was your eyes he opened. ’ The man replied, ‘He is a prophet. ’ The Jews still did not believe that he had been blind and had received his sight until they sent for the man’s parents. † If this was a miracle then the Jewish leaders needed to listen to Jesus. If they listen to Jesus they must ____________________. They must disprove the miracle so the Jewish leaders must stop talking to the man and go ____________________. Verse 16 Jesus brings ____________________. Witness to His family (9:18–23). â€Å"The Jews still did not believe that he had been blind and had received his sight until they sent for the man’s parents. ‘Is this your son? ’ they asked. ‘Is this the one you say was born blind? How is it that now he can see? ’ ‘We know he is our son,’ the parents answered, ‘and we know he was born blind. But how he can see now, or who opened his eyes, we don’t know. Ask him. He is of age; he will speak for himself. ’ His parents said this because they were afraid of the Jews, for already the Jews had decided that anyone who acknowledged that Jesus was the Christ would be put out of the synagogue. That was why his parents said, ‘He is of age; ask him. ’† The three question asked the parents Is this ____________________? Was he ____________________? How does he ____________________? These three questions come out as one in the Greek, perhaps in an attempt to confuse the parents into making a misstatement. They are looking for some loophole. The parents are scared to death – ephobounto – they feared (9:22) is imperfect middle and refers to ____________________. They are probably thrilled that this son is healed but not the prospect of excommunication from the synagogue. They will not even stand up for their child. Put out of the synagogue. Ostracized in the Jewish community living in Jerusalem, that meant ____________________. Three kinds or stages of excommunication. ____________________ – lasted from seven to thirty days, and to some degree shunned. ____________________ – at least thirty days up to sixty days. Often accompanied by curses and sometimes proclaimed with the blasting of a horn. Everyone would stay six to seven feet away from them and if they dies stones were thrown at the coffin. ____________________ – indefinite time – treated as if they were dead. No communication at all. It seems the man healed will be cast out before the day is over. Witness to His foes (9:24–34). â€Å"A second time they summoned the man who had been blind. ‘Give glory to God,’ they said. ‘We know this man is a sinner. ’ He replied, ‘Whether he is a sinner or not, I don’t know. One thing I do know. I was blind but now I see! Then they asked him, ‘What did he do to you? How did he open your eyes? ’ He answered, ‘I have told you already and you did not listen. Why do you want to hear it again? Do you want to become his disciples, too? ’ Then they hurled insults at him and said, ‘You are this fellow’s disciple ! We are disciples of Moses! We know that God spoke to Moses, but as for this fellow, we don’t even know where he comes from. ’ The man answered, ‘Now that is remarkable! You don’t know where he comes from, yet he opened my eyes. We know that God does not listen to sinners. He listens to the godly man who does his will. Nobody has ever heard of opening the eyes of a man born blind. If this man were not from God, he could do nothing. ’ To this they replied, ‘You were steeped in sin at birth; how dare you lecture us! ’ And they threw him out. † The progression of opposition. Stage one – people ____________________ (vs. 8–9) Stage two – people are ____________________. Stage three – they attack ____________________ (v. 16). Stage four – they create ____________________. Stage five – ____________________ – you are dumb. Stage six – they accuse you of ____________________. Stage seven – ____________________. Revile – more than verbal abuse, ____________________. Give God the praise – an insinuation that ____________________ in context was an idiom meaning, â€Å"Speak the truth in the presence and the name of God. † First used by Joshua speaking to Achan calling on him to confess his sin to the nation. Joshua 7:19, â€Å"Then Joshua said to Achan, ‘My son, give glory to the Lord, the God of Israel, and give him the praise. Tell me what you have done; do not hide if from me. ’† The amazing thing is that this man refuses to deny the miracle and he ____________________. The man’s argument is based upon three commonly held views. God does not answer ____________________. God does and will hear the prayers of those ____________________. No one ever had before healed someone born ____________________. If Jesus was not from God ____________________. The man is cast out Threw him out ____________________. Excommunicated – cast out – it did not take a formal meeting of the whole Sanhedrin, as few as ten men could meet to sentence a man this way. The Worship of the Blind Man (9:35–41) â€Å"Jesus heard that they had thrown him out, and when he found him, he said, ‘Do you believe in the Son of Man? ’ ‘Who is he, sir? ’ the man asked. Tell me so that I may believe in him. ’ Jesus said, ‘You have now seen him; in fact, he is the one speaking with you. ’ Then the man said, ‘Lord, I believe,’ and he worshiped him. Jesus said, ‘For judgment I have come into this world, so that the blind will see and those who see will become blind. â⠂¬â„¢ Some Pharisees who were with him heard him say this and asked, ‘What? Are we blind too? ’ Jesus said, ‘If you were blind, you would not be guilty of sin; but now that you claim you can see, your guilt remains. ’† Word got around and Jesus found him. Note Jesus does not use Son of God but ____________________. Do you believe? suggests an ____________________ in the Greek. â€Å"You do believe, don’t you? † The man did not know what to believe or who to believe in. Worshiped – here prosekunesen – ____________________. The blind shall see and the sighted ____________________. Review At what location did healing of the blind man take place? Give three ways Jesus might have hid himself? Give three reasons Jesus may have used clay to heal? How did the faith of the blind man grow? What three questions were asked of the parents? How was the healed man excommunicated? What are the seven stages of opposition to Jesus? What does the blind man do when he meets Jesus?